Left ventricular systolic dysfunction develops in ≈8% of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Ventricular tachycardia. 0, I13. Follicular lymphoma grade 2, multiple ln sites; Follicular non-hodgkin's lymphoma grade 2 of lymph nodes of multiple sites; Follicular non-hodgkin's mixed small cleaved and large cell lymphoma of lymph nodes of multiple sites. Mild-Moderate: 25 (10. Moreover, 2-dimensional echocardiography, the most common imaging modality by which LVEF is determined, has inherent limitations relating. The clinical syndrome of heart failure with preserved left ventricular function (LVF) also defined as HF with a normal ejection fraction, is a common condition in patients with HF and has emerged as a serious clinical problem. The 2024 edition of ICD-10-CM I42. 23, I50. Our coder insists that we are undercoding if we don't put I51. It can include anatomic. Other forms of heart disease. For example, the algorithm for estimation of LV filling pressures is less likely to be helpful in a patient with normal vital signs and normal 2D and Doppler findings. Monitor weight and hydration status. moderate lv systolic dysfunction icd 10; moderately depressed lv systolic function; Moderate Lv Systolic Dysfunction. 01), whereas for subjects with both severe LV dysfunction and severe LV dilatation, the OR was 4. g. Primary prevention ICD implantation for NICM (with New York Heart Association Class II-III or Class IV with CRT, and LVEF ˂ 35%) is a class Ia recommendation in the American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology guidelines, whereas it is a class Ib recommendation in the recent European guidelines. Nevertheless, RV EF (not shown in Figure 2) also decreased between normal through mild to moderate LV dysfunction (P=0. 82 is a billable/specific ICD-10-CM code that can be used to indicate a diagnosis for reimbursement purposes. Group 1: Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease and pulmonary capillary hemangiomatosis. However, diastolic dysfunction tends to get worse over time. 1 The presence of MR, while signifying higher risk in this group of patients, also poses a management challenge. The code is commonly used in cardiology medical specialties to specify clinical. 8 (95% CI 1. 30,. 23, I50. With frequent ectopy (generally defined as 10% of beats or more in a 24-hour period), there is a risk of developing ventricular dysfunction even in a normal heart. This section shows you chapter-specific coding guidelines to increase your understanding and correct usage of the target ICD-10-CM Volume 1 code. Background Left ventricular noncompaction is a rare cardiomyopathy characterized by a thin, compacted epicardial layer and a noncompacted endocardial layer, with trabeculations and recesses that communicate with the left ventricular cavity. 9 NCM is mostly diagnosed in the pediatric group, but isolated left ventricular noncompaction cardiomyopathy has been reported in the elderly. 1 The survival rate of LVSD from the time of diagnosis is 67% at 1 year and 24% at 3 years. Cardiology. Firstly, to recognize severe RVD is important because it will have direct impact on the heart failure treatment strategy and in patients considered candidates for LV assist, it increases the risk of RV failure following implantation. ICD-10-CM I50. g. 89 - other international versions of ICD-10 G93. myotonia atrophica G71. Through it there is a pathological shunting of blood. 5 is a billable/specific ICD-10-CM code that can be used to indicate a diagnosis for reimbursement purposes. 814 [convert to ICD-9-CM] Right heart failure due to left heart failure. 2, I50. 8 (95% CI 1. Recent data suggest that cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR). 9 is a billable/specific ICD-10-CM code that can be used to indicate a diagnosis for reimbursement purposes. 62. Without such documentation accurate coding cannot be achieved. ICD-10-CM I50. This is the American ICD-10-CM version of I42. ICD-10 uses only a single code for individuals. Cardiomyopathy (I42) Other restrictive cardiomyopathy (I42. In separate multivariate models adjusted for age and black race, the OR for severe LV dysfunction alone was 1. See Editorial by Lakatos and Kovács. 1 - other international versions of ICD-10 I42. 6) 15 (3. The 2024 edition of ICD-10-CM G93. 0 became effective on October 1, 2023. The prevalence of preexisting ICD implant was higher in those with moderate-severe RVD (8. Materials and methods Literature review was carried out in order. Group 2: Pulmonary hypertension due to left heart disease. Labyrinthine dysfunction. 889. 810 to ICD-9-CM. Applicable To. 2 Systolic (congestive) heart failure end stage heart failure, if applicable (I50. 89 became effective on October 1, 2023. 3%) with severely enlarged LV. It continues to be a significant issue in cardiovascular health worldwide. In 2D echocardiography, the measurement of LV diameter taken just below or at the tip of the mitral valve leaflets in the TG 2C view or LV diameter taken exactly through the center. Dizziness or lightheadedness. The 2024 edition of ICD-10-CM I35. No ICD interventions. Background. In the Euro Heart Survey, multiple VHD, as defined by at least 2 moderate VHDs, was observed in 20% of the patients with native VHD and in 17% of those undergoing intervention. , 2010). If your health care provider thinks you have left ventricular hypertrophy, imaging tests may be done to look at the heart. 3 ICD-10 code I50. Risk stratification of Heart Failure (HF) patients has traditionally centered around assessment of LV function. 2019. 8 The addition of the ARB candesartan to standard heart failure treatment, including ACE inhibitor, was shown in the Candesartan in Heart failure. See full list on healthline. LVEF < 40% corresponds to qualitative documentation of moderate dysfunction or severe moderate lv systolic dysfunction icd 10 dysfunction. 70, Fluid over, unspecified. Aim. 1 is a billable/specific ICD-10-CM code that can be used to indicate a diagnosis for reimbursement purposes. In response to this pressure overload, the inner walls of the heart may respond by getting thicker. Diastolic dysfunction. 4±3. The left ventricle is the heart's main pumping chamber. 1, I50. Mailing Address: 16429 Beartown Road Baraga, MI 49908. 5% of those with mPAP ≤20 mm Hg. Hypertrophy of left humerus. Acute decompensated heart failure shows the same signs or symptoms as heart failure and occurs in patients with heart. 9 - other international versions of ICD-10 I50. 20 may differ. Approximately one-third of patients who are diagnosed with severe AS. 9 - other international versions of ICD-10 I50. 5 to 10. , lymphoma ABVD/R-CHOP = 300 mg/m 2. Diastolic Dysfunction, a heart condition related to how your heart fills with blood, has specific ICD-10 codes. Degenerative aortic stenosis (AS) affects 2% to 4% of patients older than 65 years. 3) 29 (13. Circ Heart Fail. 3 In fact, the peak flow rate across the mitral valve is equal to or greater than the peak flow rate across the aortic valve. I24. Cardiac hypertrophy. 9 became effective on October 1, 2023. Sudden, unexpected loss of heart function, breathing and consciousness, called sudden cardiac arrest. -)CRT is considered one of the most powerful cardiac remodeling agents, second only to beta blockers []. These Diastolic Dysfunction ICD codes include: I50. 2 to 2. 2–5 Several studies have shown that asymptomatic left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction is. However, I51. The causes of cardiomyopathy can be broadly divided into two categories, ischaemic and non-ischaemic. Introduction. The following code(s) above M67. 14 (2014) F, 17 y Chest discomfort, severity NR NR Present LV apex NR Mid-VS, mid-wall Diastolic heart failure is when diastolic dysfunction gets so bad that a person starts having symptoms of heart failure. 0 may differ. 5 million Americans, and is associated with a 2- to 3-fold increase in the relative risk of stroke. 1 became effective on October 1, 2023. Introduction. Left ventricular hypertrophy ( LVH) is thickening of the heart muscle of the left ventricle of the heart, that is, left-sided ventricular hypertrophy and resulting increased left ventricular. This is the American ICD-10-CM version of I50. 8 Briefly, all Olmsted County residents with prevalent HF were identified using International Classification of Diseases Ninth or Tenth Revision (ICD‐9/ICD‐10) billing codes (ICD‐9 428 or ICD‐10 I50) from the inpatient or outpatient. Iatrogenic post-osseointegration failure of dental implant. However, it is unclear whether LVH is a predictor of future LVDD deterioration that leads to diastolic heart failure in patients who already have mild. ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code I47. 9 is a billable/specific ICD-10-CM code that can be used to indicate a diagnosis for reimbursement purposes. Subscribe to Codify by. i. Right ventricular failure secondary to left. 2 became effective on October 1, 2023. ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code I50. Functional TR is the most common subtype, accounting for up to 85% of all TR cases ( 28 ), and is. Consider lifestyle management advice. 22, I50. 3 should only use this category for a further selection of codes whenever a condition is mentioned as Diastolic. G93. Sometimes problems such as aortic stenosis or high blood pressure overwork the heart muscle. Autosomal recessive Friedreich ataxia. These codes also include combined systolic and diastolic left ventricular heart failure and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and diastolic dysfunction. 84); combined systolic (congestive) and diastolic (congestive) heart failure (I50. Follicular lymphoma grade 2, multiple ln sites; Follicular non-hodgkin's lymphoma grade 2 of lymph nodes of multiple sites; Follicular non-hodgkin's mixed small cleaved and large cell lymphoma of lymph nodes of multiple sites. Heart failure (HF) is a complex clinical syndrome that results from either functional or structural impairment of ventricles resulting in symptomatic left ventricle (LV) dysfunction. This is the American ICD-10-CM version of G93. There are many ways to evaluate the RV, most of which can be accomplished noninvasively and without radiation exposure. 70, suggesting that discrimination is not ideal. Right ventricular (RV) function is important for clinical status and outcomes in children and adults with congenital heart disease (CHD). , sarcoma = 450 mg/m 2. Monitor urea and electrolytes at baseline and 1-2 weeks after medication initiation (or dose increase) Beta blockers should only be considered when the patient is stable. This is the American ICD-10-CM version of I42. 0 may differ. Blood and urine tests may be done to check for conditions that affect heart health. 1, I50. 1 is a billable/specific ICD-10-CM code that can be used to indicate a diagnosis for reimbursement purposes. I51. The objective of this study was to investigate the prognostic importance of right ventricular dysfunction (RVD) and tricuspid regurgitation (TR) in patients with moderate–severe functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) receiving MitraClip procedure. RV systolic dysfunction was identified in 272 (44. In this condition, the mitral valve's flaps bulge back into the left upper heart chamber when the heart squeezes. Common prescriptions for left ventricular dysfunction are: Diuretics or water. 7) 31 (12. Subjects with TAPSE less than 15mm had worse prognosis compared to those with TAPSE ≥15mm. Percentage of patients aged 18 years and older with a diagnosis of heart failure (HF) with a current or prior left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). 1 [convert to ICD-9-CM] Left ventricular failure, unspecified. I42. 2 Cardiac mechanics classically implies evaluation of systolic function, but diastolic dysfunction has proven to be an essential. 1002/ehf2. 1 In the American Society of Thoracic Surgeons Database including 290. Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction [HFrEF] Systolic left ventricular heart failure. The current ESC position statement on cardio-oncology describes LVD as a decrease in the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of ≥10% and to a value below the. Ranolazine for VAs is still off-label despite several small studies and a large randomized clinical trial (RCT) including 1012 ICD recipients, the RIAD trial, 10 showed its safety and moderate efficacy in preventing recurrent ICD interventions in patients with SHD. In a pooled analysis of 3 trials, moderate to severe echocardiographic left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) was an independent risk factor for stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation, although this was not confirmed in all subsequent studies. 292 Heart failure and shock with cc. PH-LHD is defined by post-capillary hemodynamics at right heart catheterization (RHC); that is a. This structure is the result of the combination of RV free wall transverse. This is the American ICD-10-CM version of Q21. 14314, 10:3, (1643-1655), Online publication date: 1-Jun-2023. LV dysfunction may be identified from loss of contractile reserve. 30. 5 to 10. 6; P<0. Background: The current study assesses outcomes and risk factors for aortic valve replacement (AVR) for aortic regurgitation (AR) in the setting of markedly reduced left ventricular (LV) function compared with moderately reduced LV function and preserved LV function. The diastolic CHF ICD 10 code is I50. 30 is a billable diagnosis code used to specify unspecified diastolic (congestive) heart failure. Shortness of breath or feeling of exertion while at rest. In patients with severe secondary MR with LVEF 20-50%, LV end-systolic diameter ≤70 mm, and pulmonary artery systolic pressure ; 70 mm Hg who remain symptomatic after medical optimization for heart. ICD-10-CM Coding Rules. PH is considered mild if the echo-estimated PASP is 35 to 45 mm Hg, moderate if it is 46 to 60 mm Hg, and severe when >60 mm Hg. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is the central measure of left ventricular systolic function. 0 may differ. Applicable To. Eur Heart J. Sudden death and ventricular arrhythmias are common in heart failure patients, and implantable cardioverter‐defibrillators (ICDs) have been shown to decrease mortality related to sudden death. 5% in the HFrEF group, 22. Systolic heart failure is a specific type of heart failure that occurs in the heart’s left ventricle. 0): 291 Heart failure and shock with mcc. 5,6 PH may be seen in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HF-pEF) and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HF-rEF), and its presence in HF-rEF is known to convey a poor prognosis. 1999; 22: 504–512. Table 1. Cardiac dilatation. This is the American ICD-10-CM version of I50. Introduction. Cancer therapies including cytotoxic chemotherapy, molecular targeted therapies, and mediastinal irradiation have been linked to myocyte damage, left ventricular dysfunction (LVD), heart failure (HF), thrombogenesis, pericardial pathology, hypertension, ischemia, conduction and rhythm disturbances, and vasospasm. An LV end-systolic diameter of more than 50 mm is associated with development of symptomatic heart failure at a rate of 19% per year, whereas a diameter of less than 40 mm is associated with low. The term “end stage” has been used to describe hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) with left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD), defined as. 502 became effective on October 1, 2023. High blood pressure has a high prevalence in the general population and is one of the major risk factors for coronary heart disease. 9 is a billable/specific ICD-10-CM code that can be used to indicate a diagnosis for reimbursement purposes. 9 should only be used for claims with a date of service. Iatrogenic post-osseointegration failure of dental implant. 810 is a billable/specific ICD-10-CM code that can be used to indicate a diagnosis for reimbursement purposes. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. 22 is a billable/specific ICD-10-CM code that can be used to indicate a diagnosis for reimbursement purposes. Shortness of breath or feeling of exertion while at rest. The 2024 edition of ICD-10-CM I50. 14 , 15 Secondly, in patients with LV disease, occurrence of mild or moderate RVD often indicates LV. 39) based on review by technical experts, SMEs, and/or public feedback. Purpose of Review Despite substantial progress in medical and device-based heart failure (HF) therapy, ventricular arrhythmias (VA) and sudden cardiac death (SCD) remain a major challenge. I24. ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code E31. I50. 6) 6 (2. 1 - other international versions of ICD-10 I35. 19). A normal heart’s ejection fraction is between 55 and 70 percent. The 2024 edition of ICD-10-CM I82. Advertisement. 1 is a billable diagnosis code used to specify a medical diagnosis of left ventricular failure, unspecified. 7; P<0. Paul Friedman, a Mayo Clinic cardiologist, explains what the condition is and how it can be diagnosed and treated. Get With The Guidelines-HF is for patients in ICD-10 codes HF: I11. The methods used to identify patients with advanced HF have been previously described. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, Heart failure [1] Diagnostic method. These obstructions to forward flow may present alone or in. LVEF < 40% corresponds to qualitative documentation of moderate dysfunction or severe moderate lv systolic dysfunction icd 10 dysfunction. 0%) developed MACEs after surgery. Friedreich ataxia with retained reflexes. I50. This is the American ICD-10-CM version of I50. P29. 0 (95% CI 1. 1,2 LVEF is a widely used measure of LV systolic function and has played a critical role in the risk stratification of. The 2024 edition of ICD-10-CM Q21. A cardiologist assessed patients with LV dysfunction for the presence of an acute or chronic cardiac disease, and coronary angiography was performed in high-risk patients. 022 - other international versions of ICD-10 I75. 32: Chronic systolic (congestive) heart. 0) using ICD-10, you lv systolic dysfunction icd 10 are required to also code the type of heart. Immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity synd, grade 2; ICANS, grade 2. 2 - other international versions of ICD-10 I50. 1, 2 As the incidence of heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) increases with age, the AS often co-exists with left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction. Heart failure involving the left ventricle. This is the American ICD-10-CM version of I50. 1 [convert to ICD-9-CM] Left ventricular failure, unspecified. 2, I50. Systolic dysfunction. If a patient exhibited moderate LV enlargement (end-diastolic diameter of 65 mm or end-diastolic volume of 130 mL/m 2), an EF of 30%, a regurgitant fraction of 50%, and a regurgitant volume of 20. 20:. I50. Diastolic dysfunction that worsens may lead to diastolic heart failure, a type of left-sided heart failure. 811 - other international versions of ICD-10 I50. 22 - other international versions of ICD-10 I27. ICD-9-CM 429. 04). Chronic congestive heart failure, or; workload of 3 METs or less results in dyspnea, fatigue, angina, dizziness, or syncope, or; left ventricular dysfunction with an ejection fraction of less than 30 percent 100 Evaluate under the General Rating Formula. patients who have recently had an acute MI and have clinical heart failure and left ventricular systolic dysfunction, but who are already being treated with an aldosterone antagonist for a concomitant condition (for example, chronic heart failure), should continue with the aldosterone antagonist or an alternative, licensed for early post-MI. LV systolic function is most commonly assessed by echocardiography using the LV ejection fraction (LVEF). Introduction. I50. addressing the aforementioned clinical questions on LV thrombus, including heart failure, coronary artery disease, preventive cardiology, stroke, anticoagulation, pharmaco-. 2 may. An echocardiogram revealed moderate-to-severe global hypokinesis of the LV, ejection fraction (EF) estimated at 30%, a 19×7 mm thrombus in the LV apex and a mildly dilated left atrium with tissue Doppler features of diastolic dysfunction (figures 1 and 2, video 1). 7 may differ. Subjects with TAPSE less than 15mm had worse prognosis compared to those with TAPSE ≥15mm. Of these, 297 (10. 5 - other international versions of ICD-10 I25. With regards to morbidity and mortality benefits, ARBs appear to be a reasonable substitute for ACE inhibitors for the treatment of LV systolic dysfunction in patients intolerant of ACE inhibitors. The code is commonly used in cardiology medical specialties. Code Also. 0, I44. 2 to 2. 9 is a non-CC and a non-HCC so coding it really serves not particular useful purpose. Serial imaging evaluation of heart failure (HF) patients is an established part of routine clinical practice. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) makes it harder for the heart to pump blood efficiently. The 2024 edition of ICD-10-CM I25. All this evidence was the rationale for the currently ongoing CMR-GUIDE (Cardiac Magnetic Resonance GUIDEd Management of Mild-moderate Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction) trial which aims to evaluate the efficacy of ICD therapy in patients with ICM or NICM (EF 36 to 50%) and > 2 segments of LGE . 43) ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code H69. 292 Heart failure and shock with cc. Added 3 ICD-10-CM codes (I44. Larger infarct size due to late presentation or late reperfusion, no or minimal collateral flow, or anterior location is associated with greater LV dysfunction, adverse cardiac remodeling, and HF over time. Bouts of chest pain. ICD-10-CM Codes. ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code I50. While most cases of heart failure are thought to be due to depressed systolic function, about 40–50% of symptomatic patients have preserved ejection fractions and are diagnosed with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFPEF) or left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD)[7–9] In contrast to systolic heart failure, the. end stage heart failure, if applicable (I50. This is the American ICD-10-CM version of I51. The heart is comprised of the pericardium, myocardium, and endocardium. 2, Systolic (congestive) heart. In this issue of Radiology, Jimenez-Juan et al ( 2) demonstrate an association between reduced right ventricular (RV) ejection fraction (RVEF) with appropriate ICD therapies and all-cause mortality (hazard ratio, 1. It can also cause changes to the heart’s conduction system that make it beat irregularly (arrhythmia). Showing 1-25: ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code H83. 811 became effective on October 1, 2023. 01) and all-cause mortality alone (HR, 1. 2 - other international versions of ICD-10 I50. There was a significant correlation between TAPSE and other adverse prognostic markers including left and right atrial area, LV size, LV. 262 may differ. Both systolic and diastolic heart failure affect the left. 20 - other international versions of ICD-10 I50. Reduction of left ventricular wall motion (LVWM) and/or ejection fraction (LVEF) usually indicates myocardial ischemia unless proven otherwise []. The prevalence of mild RVD and moderate-severe RVD was 14. Anatomy and Physiology of the Normal Right Ventricle. Systolic Versus Diastolic Heart Failure. heart failure patients with left ventricular ejection fraction less than or equal to 35% withOther cardiomyopathies. 84); combined systolic (congestive) and. 2 coding with all applicable Excludes 1 and Excludes 2 notes from the section level conveniently shown with each code. 81 Acute coronary microvascular dysfunction . Code History. The 2024 edition of ICD-10-CM I27. An echocardiogram revealed moderate-to-severe global hypokinesis of the LV, ejection fraction (EF) estimated at 30%, a 19×7 mm thrombus in the LV apex and a mildly dilated left atrium with tissue Doppler features of diastolic dysfunction (figures 1 and 2, video 1). 7mm) in group 2 and 44(30. 1161/CIR. 9% and 17. The level of obstruction can be valvular, sub-valvular, or supravalvular. The 2024 edition of ICD-10-CM I50. The table below includes the most commonly used ICD-10 codes for Congestive Heart Failure: ICD-10 Chapter Codes Code Description; 9: I50. 1. Pulmonary hypertension due to left heart disease (PH-LHD) is the most common type of pulmonary hypertension (PH). Transplant candidates with severe left ventricular dysfunction managed with medical treatment: characteristics and survival. 5 million Americans, and is associated with a 2- to 3-fold increase in the relative risk of stroke. 9 became effective on October 1, 2023. Among individuals with ischemic left ventricular dysfunction, consumption of 1 to 14 drinks per week was associated with a 23% lower risk of mortality compared with abstainers . 9%: Death 3. Conquer All Your Heart Failure ICD-10-CM Coding Conundrums Hint: Report I50. 4-); Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction [HFrEF]; Systolic left ventricular heart failure. 7 - other international versions of ICD-10 I51. I50. and diastolic (congestive) hrt fail; end stage heart failure, if applicable (I50. 8 is a billable/specific ICD-10-CM code that can be used to indicate a diagnosis for reimbursement purposes. 0 is a billable/specific ICD-10-CM code that can be used to indicate a diagnosis for reimbursement purposes. Understanding the physiological basis of LV filling provides the basis for. 21 - other international versions of ICD-10 I50. g. 293 Heart failure and shock without cc/mcc. Eur Heart J. 9 Both conditions frequently coexist because HF is a major risk factor for AF. 9 [convert to ICD-9-CM] Polyglandular dysfunction, unspecified. (See "Approach to diagnosis of asymptomatic left ventricular systolic dysfunction" . Rheumatic fever. Here we review contemporary management of VA in the context of HF with one particular focus on recent advances in imaging and catheter. Diseases of the circulatory system. Reversible left ventricular dysfunction following sudden emotional stress; Stress induced cardiomyopathy; Takotsubo cardiomyopathy; Transient left ventricular apical ballooning syndromeG31. 002 for Jonckheere nonparametric test). The RV is located anteriorly, just behind the sternum. Hypokinesis: Global severe hypokinesis means the whole heart is contracting poorly. 0 - other international versions of ICD-10 Q21. Failure of dental implant due to poor oral hygiene. 1 became effective on October 1, 2023. Applicable To. ICD-10-CM I50. 6; P<0. This is the American ICD-10-CM version of I50. 0 - other international versions of ICD-10 I42. 814 may differ. 0 based on CoCH Version written by Dr John Somauroo, Dr Benopoulos, Diana Astbury HFSN (Community) and Jo Bateman, HF specialist Pharmacist Approved at APG on 18 March 2021 Review date: March 2023 Page 1 of 1 Algorithm for the use of a Beta-blocker in Heart FailureTo determine the prognosis, total mortality and cardiac morbidity, of patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction and heart failure (HF) in a general population sample.